Methods. Clinically defined asthma patients were recruited from Prince Charles Hospital Brisbane and defined as; stable asthmatics which did not require oral steroids; or acute asmatics that had presented to emergency with severe exacerbation requiring systemic steroids. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood (prior to Ssteroid treatment) and DCs derived in vitro from isolate CD14 monocytes. Using microarray and flow analysis, changes in immune regulation genes, maturation marker activation and cytokines production during C. Pneumoniae pneumoniae infection was compared between each asthma cohort .
Results: Although DCs activation markers CD86CD80, CD83, CD80 CD86 and HLA-DR did not differ between each asthma group, microarray analysis showed a significant up regulation of 73 genes and down regulation of 17 genes during C. pnuemoniae infection of DCs isolated from stable compared to acute asthmatic patients. Specifically, in stable patients we observed a significant up-regulation IL-20, IL-36γ, IL-17 and matrix metallpepitidases, including MMP1 and MMP19 mRNA. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in the amount (pg/ml) of produced IL-4, IL-10 and TNFα in the stable asthmatics.
Conclusion: C. Pnuemoniae-infected DCs from stable asthmatics show a significantly increased expression/secretion of cytokines and matrix remodelling genes (MMPs) compared to the cute asthmatic group. This suggests that DC activation leading to the production of immune modulators i.e. cytokines may help modulate or reduce a severe asthmatic exacerbation event.